SIMPLE PRESENT (exercises)

Preencha os espaços em branco com a forma adequada do verbo destacado - Tempo verbal: Presente simples

A) Peter .......with his grandparents in a country town.(Live)

B)That boy........a lot of important information.(Have)

C)Our great grandfather........a pension.(Get)

D)She...................English well but her brother...............it.(Know/hate)

E) Ronaldo..........goals when he´s in good shape.(Score)

F)We.......control of our lives due to bad habits.(Lose)

G)Mary and Gina.........to college in the morning.(Go)

H) ..............you ................him? (like)

I) ..............she .................. TV at night? (watch)

J) John ................... his car every weekend. (wash)

K) You ....................... speak Greek. ( not-speak)

L) Lucas ................ apples. (like)

M) ..............Lucy ................ at Petrobrás? (work)

N) ................. they .................. in New York? (live)

O) What  time ....................we ........................? (go)

P) ............she .................... every Saturday? (come)

SIMPLE PRESENT / PRESENTE SIMPLES (grammar)

                                                        SIMPLE PRESENT

Descreve um fato ou estado permanente, ou uma ação que acontece com freqüência no presente. A forma básica do presente dos verbos principais na afirmativa é a mesma do infinitivo (aquela forma que você encontra no dicionário) sem o to (to say ® say) com exceção das 3^as pessoas do singular (he/she/it) que levam um “s”:

I get up at 6 everyday.

He gets up at 8 everyday.

Nas frases negativas do presente usa-se do not = don’t, para I, You, We, They e does not = doesn’t, para He, She, It. O verbo principal seguido do auxiliar sempre fica no infinitivo sem o to:

I don’t like milk.

She doesn’t like milk.

Joe  and John don’t eat meat. They’re vegetarian.

As frases interrogativas são formadas colocando-se do ou does no início das perguntas sendo precedidos apenas por pronomes interrogativos. O verbo principal sempre fica no infinitivo sem o to. Nas respostas curtas, do-don’t, does-doesn’t substituem o verbo principal:

Do you like apples?

Does it often rain in São Paulo?

What time do you usually go to school?

Where do you go to school?

Do you speak English? Yes, I do.

Does he enjoy parties? Yes, he does.

Does he take the 10:00 am train? No, he doesn’t.

Modelo de conjugação do verbo to work no simple present em inglês
Positive	Negative	Interrogative
I work	I don’t work	Do I work?
You work	You don’t work	Do you work?
He works	He doesn’t work	Does he work?
She works	She doesn’t work	Does she work?
It works	It doesn’t work	Does it work?
We work	We don’t work	Do we work?
You work	You don’t work	Do you work?
They work OBS: Quando os verbos terminam em O,SH, CH, SS, Z ou X, acrescentamos "ES" à sua forma singular da terceira pessoa. Ex:	They don’t work	Do they work?

Positive	Negative	Interrogative
I go	I don’t go	Do I go?
You go	You don’t go	Do you go?
He goes	He doesn’t go	Does he go ?
She goes	She doesn’t go	Does she go?
It goes	It doesn’t go	Does it go ?
We go	We don’t go	Do we go ?
You go	You don’t go	Do you go ?
They go Irregularidade: HAVE / HAS I HAVE  YOU HAVE HE HAS SHE HAS IT HAS WE HAVE YOU HAVE THEY HAVE	They don’t go I DON'T HAVE YOU  DON'T HAVE HE DOESN'T HAVE SHE DOESN'T  HAVE IT DOESN'T  HAVE WE DON'T HAVE YOU DON'T HAVE THEY DON'T HAVE	Do they go ? DO I HAVE?  DO YOU HAVE? DOES HE HAVE? DOES SHE HAVE? DOES IT HAVE? DO WE HAVE ? DOYOU HAVE? DO THEY HAVE?

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS (exercises)

1 - Complete using: some / any / no

Q1 - Are there ....... people at all at the bus stop?

Q2 - That's ...... reason to be rude all the time

Q3 - I'd like ...... time off next week when I move house

Q4 - There's ..... coffee left; could you get some while you're out?

Q5 - I must get to the bank because I haven't got ...... money for the weekend

Q6 - Could I have ....... more tea, please?

Q7 - When we got to the cinema, there weren't ....... tickets left

Q8 - My car stopped because there was ...... petrol left

Q9 - The shop had ....... milk so we'll have to drink our coffee black

Q10 - ...... bus will take you to King's Cross so get on the first that comes along

Q11 - She's worried because she has got ....... interviews next week and they always make her nervous

Q12 - ....... newspapers support the Government, but most don't

Q13 - You shouldn't take ....... medicine without reading the information first.

Q14 - I'll have to get my TV fixed as I've been having ....... problems with it

Q15 - ....... smoke without a fire

Q16 - I can't find ...... of the cassettes I want to hear, not one of them

Q17 - There's hardly ....... fax paper left

Q18 - There must be ....... job for me; I really need the work

Q19 - I found it without ....... difficulty

Q20 - I couldn't get into the concert because there were ...... tickets left

Q21 - I'd like a sandwich and ....... sparkling mineral water

Q22 - ....... shops don't accept credit cards.

2 - Fill in the gaps with somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, nothing, somewhere, anywhere or nowhere.

  1.  I know __________ about this issue that you may find interesting, but if I tell you, you must promise to keep it (a) secret.

  2.  __________ lives here. There is no water.

  3.  I spent the night __________ near the beach.

  4.  __________ could have jumped over this wall, and stole your rake. It's very low.

  5.  __________ scares him. He's very brave.

  6.  There is __________ to park here. Let's go __________ else to park.

  7.  Would you like __________ to wash your hands?.

  8.  May I have __________ for dessert, please?

  9.  They took him __________ in London, and he never returned.

10.  Please don't leave __________ behind at home. We'll be away for a fortnight.

11.  She needs __________ to love. She's very lonely.

12.  They will not sing __________ in this city. They said that they would never come back.

13.  There isn't __________ you can do to help them. __________ can help them.

14.  We do not need __________ else to run this department. We can do it ourselves.

15.  __________ is ringing the bell. Go and see who it is.

16.  __________ phoned while we were out, but they did not leave a message.

17.  __________ tells me that there is __________ fishy going on .

18.  They are looking for __________ to settle down and have children. They want to find a quiet place to lead a quiet life.

19.  "Where would you like to stay?"

       "__________ will do provided it is a clean place."

20.  "Is there __________ at home?"

       "I don't think there is __________. Mum and dad must have gone out."

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS / PRONOMES INDEFINIDOS (grammar)

                                       Indefinite Pronouns - Pronomes Indefinidos

Esses pronomes são utilizados para falar de pessoas, objetos ou lugares indefinidos.

Some – Any – No: Pronomes sempre utilizados antes de um substantivo ou com valor de substantivo.

Exemplos:

• Do you want some? (Você quer algum? Quando já se sabe do que se trata).

Usos:

Em sentenças afirmativas utiliza-se o pronome some (algum, alguns).

Exemplos:
• There are some books on the table. (Há alguns livros sobre a mesa).

• There is some sugar in this cup. (Há algum açucar na xícara).


Em sentenças negativas utiliza-se any (nenhum, nenhuns).

Exemplos:

• There aren´t any towels here. (Não há nenhuma toalha aqui).

• There isn´t any cream in your cup. (Não há nenhum crème na sua xícara).


Em sentenças interrogativas utiliza-se some (principalmente quando se espera ou deseja uma resposta afirmativa) ou any.

Exemplos:

• Are there any (or some) chalk the classroom? (Há algum giz na classe?).

•Is there any (or some) coffee in the cup? (Há algum café na xícara?)


Usa-se no e seus compostos em orações negativas que não contêm outro elemento negativo, como: not, never (nunca), without (sem), seldom (raramente), barely, etc.

Exemplos:

•There are no towels here. (Não há toalhas aqui).

•There is no cream in your cup.(Não há crème na sua xícara).


Quando o verbo está na forma afirmativa, mas a idéia é negativa utiliza-se none. Preste atenção, porque none é usado no lugar de um pronome ou de um substantivo. Pode significar: nenhum, ninguém ou nada, dependendo do contexto.

Exemplo:

• How much money is there in the safe? (Quanto dinheiro há no cofre?)

- None. (Nenhum).


NO x NONE: Usa-se no quando ele tem valor de adjetivo.

Exemplos:

• I want some tea, but there is no tea left. (Eu queria um pouco de chá, mas não há chá restante.)

Usa-se none com valor de pronome: I want some tea, but there is none (= no tea) left. ( Tem o mesmo siginificado).

Atenção!!

Quando se oferece algo, geralmente utiliza-se o pronome some. (quando espera-se uma resposta positiva)

Exemplos:

• Would you like some beer? (Você gostaria de um pouco de cerveja?)

•Would you like some strawberries? (Você gostaria de alguns morangos?)


Quando pede-se algo, utilizamos some:

Exemplos:

• Could you give me some money, please? (Você poderia me dar algum dinheiro, por favor?)

                   INDEFINITE PRONOUNS (COMPOUNDS) – PRONOMES INDEFINIDOS COMPOSTOS

Os pronomes indefinidos compostos derivam de some, any e no. 

Simple	Compound (Referindo-se a algo, coisa)	Compound (Referindo-se a pessoa)
Some	Something (algo, alguma coisa)	Somebody / Someone (alguém)
Any	Anything (algo, alguma coisa, nada)	Anybody / Anyone(alguém, ninguém, qualquer pessoa)
No	Nothing (nada)	Nobody / No one (Ninguém)

As mesmas regras de uso para some, any e no podem também ser utilizadas com os pronomes compostos.

Interrogative

Any Some	Perguntas em geral	Is there anything / something you want to tell me? (Há algo que você queira me contar?) Does anybody / anyone have Ted´s home number? (Alguém tem o número da casa de Ted ?)
Some	Quando algo é solicitado, pedido	Will you get something to drink?(Você pegará algo para beber?) Will somebody / someone help me please? (Alguém me ajudará?)
Some	Quando algo é oferecido	Would you like something to drink ? (Você gostaria de algo para beber?) Would you like somebody / someone to drive until your home ?(Você gostari que alguém para dirigir até sua casa ?)

Affirmative

Some	I have something to tell you now.(Eu tenho algo pra te contar agora). I met somebody / someone you know.(Eu encontrei alguém que você conhece).
Any	I´ll do anything to help you. (Eu tenho algo pra te contar agora). Invite anybody / anyone you want. (Convidem qualquer um que você quiser).

Negative

Any (forma negativa)	I don´t have anything to say. (Eu não tenho nada pra dizer). I don´t know anybody / anyone here. (Eu não conheço ninguém aqui).
No (idéia negativa)	I have nothing to say. (Eu não tenho nada pra dizer). I don´t know anybody / anyone here. (Não há ninguém aqui no momento).

Caso especial:

ANY : O pronome indefinido any será utilizado quando o verbo estiver na forma afirmativa e a sentença contiver uma palavra de sentido negativo.

Exemplos:

• I never had anything to talk to him. (Eu nuca tive nada pra falar com ele).

• I never met anybody/ anyone called by this name. (Eu nunca encontrei ninguém com esse nome).

PAST CONTINUOUS (exercises)

1. Complete as sentenças usando o Past Continuous. (Passado contínuo)

1. When I phoned my friends, they ____________ monopoly. (play)
2. Yesterday at six I ___________________ dinner. (prepare)
3. The kids ___________________ in the garden when it suddenly began to rain. (run)
4. I _____________________ the guitar when he came home. (practise)
5. We _______________________ all day. ( not - Cycle)
6. While Aaron ________________ in his room, his friends _________________ in the pool. (work/swim)
7. I tried to tell them the truth but they ____________________. (not - listen)
8. What ________ you ________ yesterday? (do)
9. Most of the time we ________________________ in the park. (sit)

10 . __________Lucy _________ on the computer? (work)

11 .__________ they ________________ the car ? (repair)

12 . _________ Melissa __________ out a book? (take)

13 . _________ you ______________ to music? (listen)

14 . _______ Nicolas _________ at a picture? (look)

15 ._________ Emma and Bertha __________her friend? (phone)

16 ._______ the girl _________the window? (open)

17 .________ he _______ judo? (do)

18. _________ the friends ________ home from school? (come)

19 ._______ Tyler ____________with the cooking? (help)   20. She _____________________________. (not-work)

PAST CONTINUOUS - PASSADO CONTÍNUO (grammar)

                               PAST CONTINUOUS - PASSADO CONTÍNUO

Conceito

O Past Continuous é uma ação que teve uma duração em um passado estabelecido, ou uma ação que foi interrompida. Exemplo:

A noiva já estava se dirigindo para o altar quando cheguei na Igreja.
Estrutura Sintática

Esse tempo é formado pelo passado do verbo to be (was/ were) e pelo sufixo –ing acrescido ao verbo principal. A estrutura sintática das sentenças segue o modelo:

Sujeito + Verbo to be conjugado no passado (was, were) + Verbo principal acrescido do sufixo –ing + Complemento

I WAS WORKING.YOU WERE WORKING.
HE WAS WORKING.
SHE WAS WORKING.
IT WAS WORKING.WE WERE WORKING.
YOU WERE WORKING.
THEY WERE WORKING.


Situações de Uso

a) Ação que estava ocorrendo no momento em que uma outra a interrompeu. Neste caso, o Past Continuous é geralmente utilizado com as conjunções: when, while e as. Exemplo:

When I arrived, Tom was talking on the phone. 

b) Em ações simultâneas. Exemplo:

They were sleeping while I was reading.
Outros Exemplos:

I’m australian, but I was spending a few months over in Britain. (Eu sou australiano, mas estava passando alguns meses na Inglaterra.)

I was watching TV when the phone rang. (Eu estava assistindo à TV quando o telefone tocou.)

The dress she was wearing was awful. (O vestido que ela estava usando era horrível.)

He was drawing when his mother arrived. (Ele estava desenhando quando sua mãe chegou.)

VERB TO BE (exercises)

COMPLETE AS SENTENÇAS USANDO O VERBO TO BE NO PRESENTE. 1) I _________ a boy.

2) My sister ________ at work.

3) Mimi  and Susi _______ my cats.

4) The bird _________ in the cage.

5) I ________ a teacher .

6) My blue pencil _________ on the floor.

7) Emma and Joe ________ good friends.

8) __________you from France?

9) His sister ________ ten years old.

10) They ________children. 11) ______ she your sister? 12 ________ they good friends? 13 - How old ___________ you? 14 - ________ it you dog? 15 - ________ Mattew your brother? 16 - Lucas __________ from Brazil. (-) 17 - Peter and John __________ my pupils. (-) 18 - _______ you ok? 19 - It _______  10 o'clock. 20 - ________ they your books?